Coffee beans and coffee species

coffee beans

Brazil is the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of world total.
Green, unroasted coffee is the most traded agricultural commodity and second commodity in general, after petroleum.
Coffee beans grow in about 50 countries in an area between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. The area is called the Bean Belt.

Seeds of berries from coffee species. Brazil is the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of world total. Green, unroasted coffee is the most traded agricultural commodity and second commodity in general, after petroleum.

Seeds of berries from coffee species.

Brazil is the leading grower of coffee beans, producing 35% of world total.
Green, unroasted coffee is the most traded agricultural commodity and second commodity in general, after petroleum.
Coffee beans grow in about 50 countries in an area between the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. The area is called the Bean Belt.

coffee berries from coffee species
Coffee Berries

There are four types of Coffee beans:

a. Arabica (Coffea arabica). It is by far the most popular type of coffee beans. Its market share is about 60% of total. It is originated from Ethiopia. Arabica’s name comes from Yemen, where some centuries ago it was extremely popular. Arabica beans need more shadow and water than the other types. They feel better in higher altitudes, at least at 700 meters. Arabica beans are not bitter, they have a complex of smooth flavours and considered to be the gourmet coffee.

b. Robusta (Coffea caniphora). The second type of coffee in popularity, originated from Africa and Indonesia, as also in Vietnam. They are not so sensitive as arabica and do not need high altitudes such as Arabica. They taste more bitter, flat and burn taste. But they have more caffeine than the arabica ones.

c. Liberica (Coffea liberica). As the name suggests, they come from Liberia and in general from central and western Africa. Its aroma is smoky, floral and bold. It is mainly used to add body and complexity to other varieties. Since there was a disease in Africa, now days, liberica is produced mainly in Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines. It does it well in lower altitudes and in hot and humid climates. It is just 2% of total world’s total production and it is used from coffee aficionados because of its woody and sneaky aftertaste. Still, most of coffee drinkers insist that he aftertaste is closer to burnt garbage.

d. Excelsa (Coffea excelsa – Coffea liberica-dewevrei). It was considered as a separate species for a long time. Since a couple of years, scientists insist that it is just a variant of liberica. They grow in Southeast Africa; they have a depth of flavour and add complexity in coffee blends.

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